Implications of the Dinosaur Heart Discovery :: Anthropology Essays Paleontology Papers

Implications of the Dinosaur Heart Discovery The article from Science News, â€Å"Telltale Dino Heart Hints at Warm Blood†, by Tina Hesman and the Journal article it was based on from Science, †Cardiovascular Evidence for an Intermediate or Higher Metabolic Rate in an Ornithischian Dinosaur†, by Paul Fisher and others both offer a new perspective on the topic to be discussed, however there are some key differences between the two articles. How the two articles differ will be discussed later on in the paper. Both of the articles discuss the finding of a heart in a dinosaur that when studied challenges a common belief about dinosaurs hearts. Now here is some background information on the dinosaur that is causing this stir because of its heart. The dinosaur is a Thescelosaurus, which means wonderful lizard. The average length of the Thescelosaurus is three to four meters, nine to twelve feet, long with an average weight of three-hundred kilograms, or about six hundred and sixty two pounds. They lived from the Campanian age to Maastrichtian age which are the later stages of the Cretaceous period. Another distinguishing physical feature of Willo is the bird-hips that the dinosaur has instead of the lizard hip. They have primarily been found in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Colorado, Montana, South Dakota, and Wyoming. As far as their remains are concerned there is one complete skeleton, eight partial skeletons, elements, and teeth (Dinosauricon). Dinosaurs are often compared to and resemble modern day reptiles. Scientists will study how these modern day reptiles behave, look, act, and move to draw conclusions on how the dinosaurs would behave, look, act, and move. They also look at the intern make-up of the modern reptiles to predict how the dinosaurs internal make up would be. However, a recent discovery in South Dakota is stirring up some controversy (Hesman). While Mike Hammer was walking around a ranch in South Dakota he stumbled across a â€Å"big-eyed† dinosaur that he now refers to as Willo. The thing that caught his eye was the chest cavity of the dinosaur, upon further investigation he found a rock that was preserved in the curve of the dinosaur’s ribs, he was convinced that this rock was once a heart. Hammer then went on to take the dinosaur fossil in for a medical X-ray scan, this X-ray showed evidence that could change how we think about dinosaurs.

Liberation War of Bangladesh Essay

Our liberation is the greatest achievement in our national life. The War of Liberation of Bangladesh took place in the history in 1971. We had been under Pakistani rule for twenty five years. The Pakistani rulers and their vested interest group began to treat East Pakistan as a colony gof West Pakistan. Therefore, under the leadership of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, a violent mass movement was launched against the autocrats of the West Pakistan. Subsequently, the Awami League won a landslide victory at the election of the National Assembly of Pakistan held in December 1970. Thus Bangabandhu acquired the right to form the government of Pakistan with his absolute majority in the parliament. Despite having absolute majority, Awami League could not ascend to power due to Yahia-Bhutto conspiracy. With the plea of discussion with Bangabandhu, President Yahia Khan began to collect arms and ammunitions from West Pakistan. Having taken all preparations, Yahia flew to Rawalpindi and signed the order for Bangalee massacre. On the black night of March 25, 1971, the Pak army got down the streets of Dhaka. Bangabandhu was arrested and taken to the prison of West Pakistan. In the mean time, Bangabandhu declared the independence of Bangladesh. The War of Liberation started and the Pakistani forces cracked down upon the innocent and armless people of Bangladesh. They continued to kill innocent people and intellectuals, torture innumerable women, burn houses, loot property and damage crops. One crore of people fled away and took shelter in India. In the meantime, new government was formed at Mujibnagar and people from all walks of life started to take part in the war obeying the call and order of Bangabandhu. As a result, the Mukti Bahini was organized and trained. They started counter attack on the Pakistani forces. During the Liberation War of Bangladesh, everyone was a freedom fighter and did his best to help the Mukti Bahini. Eventually the Mukti Bahini gained strength and efficiency and kept the occupation forces in extreme embarrassment. At one stage, the Mukti Bahini and the Indian forces formed a joint command and started severe attack on the enemy in every sector compelling them to surrender. On the 16th of December, 1971 they surrendered their arms to the Joint Command at a ceremony in Dhaka. Thus after long nine months of massacre, the War of Liberation came to an end and Bangladesh achieved freedom from the barbarous Pakistanis. In fact, it was the triumph of justice over tyranny.

How We Can Help To End World Hunger - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1386 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/29 Category Science Essay Level High school Tags: World Hunger Essay Did you like this example? Millions of individuals are consistently affected by global problems of overwhelming proportions. One of the most prevalent issues among global citizens is world hunger. Individuals are living hungry, undernourished lives because the proper nutrients to sustain a healthy lifestyle is nonexistent. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How We Can Help To End World Hunger" essay for you Create order However, there are global organizations that focus on ending world hunger and one of the most influential organizations is The Hunger Project. The Hunger Project addresses that Today there are 821 million people who are chronically undernourished (Know Your World). Each year the number of people who are starving is steadily inclining and it needs to be stopped. Not only are organizations helping to create change to this issue, but history proves that a single individual can impact this issue for the better and may even change the world. Mary Ellen McNish is one of the extraordinary individuals who is inspiring others and committed to ending world hunger. McNish is the CEO and president of The Hunger Project, and she travels the world to bring awareness and change to this issue. Mary has a passion for helping the malnourished, but this does not mean that no-one else can help. Every human being can and should contribute to help change this worldly issue just like Mary Ellen McNish. To continue, world hunger is prevalent on a global scale. To the present day, there are still millions of individuals who are without food and are severely hungry. However, having the proper nutrients and adequate amounts of food are both necessities that every living soul needs to survive and keep a healthy lifestyle. According to an article published by World Food Program USA, Ending hunger and malnutrition is one of the greatest challenges of our time, but itrs solvable. In a world where enough food exists to feed everyone, zero hunger is at our fingertips (Problems of Hunger). There are countries with more than half of its population who are starving including, Burundi, Ethiopia, Zambia and more. Surprisingly enough, the world produces plenty of amounts of food to feed the planet, but it may not be affordable for some individuals, or it just goes to waste. A Journal of Sustainable Agriculture states, According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the world produces more than 1/2 times enough food to feed everyone on the planet. Thatrs already enough to feed 10 billion people, the worldrs 2050 population projected population peak (595). It is important to comprehend that hunger is caused by poverty but not scarcity of food. World hunger can stem from many causes including poverty, climate change, and food shortages. The list can go on and on. World hunger is detrimental to millions of individuals livelihood, and it must be eliminated. However, on the bright side, there are organizations and individuals who are constantly helping to create change in this worldwide issue. To follow up, The CEO of The Hunger Project, Mary Ellen McNish, is continuing to impact the world by helping end world hunger. Mary became the CEO and president of The Hunger Project in 2010. Before this organization announced McNish to be the next CEO and president, McNish worked as the General Secretary of the American Friends Service Committee. To say the least, helping others is her passion, and it is what she was born to do. The Hunger Project has a global mission stating, To end hunger and poverty by pioneering sustainable, grassroots, women-centered strategies and advocating for their widespread adoption in countries throughout the world (The Hunger Project). This organization has given Mary McNish multiple opportunities to follow through with her passion for feeding those who are starving. McNish gets the chance to travel the world to places including Africa, Asia, and Latin-America. In Africa, for example, Mary with many others who are part of The Hunger Project work together to create epicenters which bring the community together to carry out ideas that will meet the basic needs of the community. McNish gets to travel to different countries where people are in need of the most help. While she travels to different countries she gets to meet new people, hear their stories and struggles and figure out how to help them. McNish put her tenacity into this organization and passionately believes The Hunger Project can end world hunger. In Mary Ellenrs words, Ending world hunger is a project on one hand but its an opportunity on the other and I think itrs only a matter of time (Interview with Mary Ellen McNish). Mary Ellen McNish is positively impacting world hunger one step at a time. Furthermore, individuals who have a passion for ending world hunger should not be the only people involved in improving this issue. Any average person can be a huge help in ending hunger. The article published by Rise Against Hunger written by Karen Cook, explains that it is a necessity for all individuals to engage in the issue of world hunger. According to Cook, We have to get people to care and to engage themselves and their families in a hands-on way in the fight against hunger (Cook). There are many ways to get involved and it is important to know how to volunteer. First, everyone should become informed of this global issue and how its impacting the world. A person can simply donate either a small contribution or canned goods to an organization of their choice. This contribution does not need to be big because in this case, anything can be a huge impact. A donation may be used to package and send food to other countries to feed a family or even a whole community. Second, there are many other organizations that take volunteers daily, for example, Feed My Starving Children. Feed My Starving Children is a non-profit organization that packages, distributes, and sends food to other countries around the world. Every year Feed My Starving Children produces around 1-2 million meals. A person can volunteer an hour of their time to have a fun and meaningful experience. By helping to feed those who are hungry a person can make a tangible impact in the world. It is vital for everybody to reach out to their communities and learn how they can volunteer to help change the world. Third, any person can help end hunger by being an advocate. Being an advocate for world hunger means having a voice in the fight against starvation. People can learn how to build the will to end hunger by joining other groups. The average person can join the Alliance to End Hunger group because this organization focuses on standing up for what needs to be done to end world hunger. There are many other ways to contribute to this global issue and all average individuals should put in the effort to strive for positive change. It may take a few years to accomplish, but world hunger can be stopped. To reiterate, hunger is a constant global issue that is affecting millions of people all around the world. It is surprising to know that the world creates more than enough food to go around, yet people are still going hungry. The Hunger Project among many other organizations is continuing to fight against world hunger and hopes to bring communities together to help fulfill the basic needs by having food for all to eat. There is a huge appreciation towards these organizations and for the extraordinary individuals like Mary Ellen McNish who are passionate about ending hunger. All global citizens should get involved in this matter because it is extremely important to help the world and make it a better place. Living in a world where every single human being is fed and satisfied is a world that all should want to live in. Works Cited Cook, Karen. 5 Things You Can Do in 2016 to Help End World Hunger. The Hunger Project, 29 Feb. 2016, www.thp.org/our-work/our-approach/. Holt-Gimenez, Eric, et al. We Already Grow Enough Food for 10 Billion People and Still Cant End Hunger. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, vol. 36, no. 6, 2012, pp. 595â€Å"598., doi:10.1080/10440046.2012.695331. Interview with Mary Ellen McNish, CEO The Hunger Project YouTube, uploaded by The Global Hunger Project, 29 Oct. 2010, www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFlPtqcjcOo. Know Your World: Facts About World Hunger Poverty. The Hunger Project, Nov. 2017, www.thp.org/knowledge-center/know-your-world-facts-about-hunger-poverty/. Problems of Hunger. World Food Program USA, 2018, www.wfpusa.org/wfps-work/problems-of-hunger/.

Review Of London Aspects Of Change By Professor Ruth...

INTRO: Gentrification was first introduced in 1964 by Professor Ruth Glass who was and still is a significant figure in urban studies. Problematic relationship between housing and classes in London lead her to investigate further in rapid rise of higher rents, more people buying properties instead of renting, and upgrading the city with more middle or upper class people. In Glass’s book ‘London: Aspects of Change’ she defines gentrification One by one, many of the working class quarters have been invaded by the middle class - upper and lower ... Once this process of gentrification starts in a district it goes on rapidly until all or most of the working class occupiers are displaced and the whole social character of the district is changed (Glass, 1964). London has been a global centre for around 300 years and is one of the leading cities in the world with a population of 8.60 million that is the highest record hit since 1939 and 270 languages spoken London is most diverse city in the world. More than 20% of the whole population are people that were born abroad and migrated to United Kingdom; some escape the dreadful life they had to live in their home countries, others are upper class people such as investors, bankers, or IT specialists. With rise of population increases the number of people from higher classes so therefore low and working class is disappearing from London. Not only central but also surrounding regions of the city are being transformed into middle orShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, includingRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesRoach from Hopewell Primary School, St. Elizabeth, Jamaica; Elaine Bortner and Philip Hirai from Jamaica Wesleyan Bible College, Savanna-la-mar, Jamaica; and Roger Ringerberg, Jamaica Theological Seminary, Kingston, Jamaica. Second, thanks to my professors and advisors at Drew University, Karen Brown, Jonathan Reader, and Roger Shinn, whose advice and insights have helped to shape the focus and hone the arguments of this book. Third, the research for this book was facilitated by Barry ChevannesRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 Pagescorporeal basis for marketing has a decided advantage: success depends on the memorability of the aesthetic experience. This aspect of the consumer economy has merited little attention (Pine and Gil- *Annamma Joy is professor of marketing, John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montreal, PQ, Canada, H3G 1M8; e-mail: jjoy@jmsb.Concordia.ca. John F. Sherry, Jr., is professor of marketing, Kellogg School of Business, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208; e-mail: jfsherry@kellogg.northwesternRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 Pagescorporeal basis for marketing has a decided advantage: success depends on the memorability of the aesthetic experience. This aspect of the consumer economy has merited little attention (Pine and Gil- *Annamma Joy is professor of marketing, John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montreal, PQ, Canada, H3G 1M8; e-mail: jjoy@jmsb.Concordia.ca. John F. Sherry, Jr., is professor of marketing, Kellogg School of Business, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208; e-mail: jfsherry@kellogg.northwesternRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesthe great majority of both international and domestic immigrants in the modern era, and that in 2005 became the place of residence for the majority of the world’s human population for the first time in history. 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Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Read MoreAn Evaluation of an on-Farm Food Safety Program for Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Producers; a Global Blueprint for Fruit and Vegetable Producers51659 Words   |  207 PagesBenjamin Chapman, 2005 Abstract An evaluation of an on-farm food safety program for Ontario greenhouse vegetable producers; a global blueprint for fruit and vegetable producers Benjamin J. Chapman University of Guelph, 2005 Advisor: Professor Douglas A. Powell Fresh fruits and vegetables have been increasingly linked to cases of foodborne illness. Many produce farmers have implemented on-farm food safety strategies, employing good agricultural practices focusing on water, handling

Huckleberry Finn, Daisy Miller and Sister Carrie as...

The definition of a hero is not straight-edged. Heroes are, however, imagined to possess certain qualities. Courage, romanticism, charming beauty, and a willingness to defy society are four very prominent characteristics amongst heroes and contribute to todays notion of heroism. In order to decide if and to what extent any character lives up to the standards of heroism, one must search for these qualities. Huckleberry Finn, Daisy Miller, and Sister Carrie are three heroes from three different novels. It has already been decided that they are heroes. Therefore, the question is not whether or not they are heroes. The question is to what extent do they fit this notion of heroism? To what extent do they possess courage,†¦show more content†¦In order to be brave, one cannot fear getting in trouble. Although he struggles with this obstacle and wants to obey his widow guardian, Huck makes a huge decision that shows his overall defeat of this fear: Huck decides to protect Jim, a runaway slave. Huck knows he could get in trouble both by the law and by God. He knows that he has a big decision to make, declaring, ?I?d got to decide, forever, betwixt two things,? and he decides, ?All right, then, I?ll go to hell? (Twain 223). The fear of punishment is an obstacle that Huck overcomes, and on the other side stands courage. The mere fact that Huck is helping a runaway slave is cour ageous, but specific actions further prove Huck?s bravery. A choice example is when Huck takes the stolen money from the duke and king and returns it to the rightful owners (Twain 188-191). Another instance where the reader sees that spark of courage in Huck?s eyes is when, after boarding a wrecked, abandoned ferryboat and falling upon a few villains, Huck bravely takes matters into his own hands: ?But if we find their boat we can put all of ?em in a bad fix ? for the Sheriff ?ll get ?em. Quick ? hurry! I?ll hunt the labboard side, you hunt the stabboard? (Twain 80). Instead of seeing the ?gang of murderers? and cowardly going on his way, Huck tries to trap them for the Sheriff. Thus, overall, Huck is courageous. Heroism, however, entails more than courage. One must consider Huck?s romanticism, looks,Show MoreRelatedHeroes of American Realism Essay1957 Words   |  8 PagesHeroes of American Realism The American realists of the late 19th century were notably adept at creating deep, memorable characters --whether virtuous or villainous-- who are continuously developed throughout the tales in which they exist. These authors often used their protagonists for a higher purpose than mere storytelling, endeavoring to construct a critique of the times by placing the characters in opposition to their respective societies. As a result, the protagonist often becomes an unassumingRead MoreEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 Pages Orlando Don Quixote A portrait of the Artist as a Young Man A Gesture Life Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Ghosts The Scarlet Letter Great Expectations Sister Carrie The Great Gatsby The Sound and Fury Gulliver’s Travels Sula Heart of Darkness The Sun Also Rises Invisible Man Their Eyes Were Watching God Joe Turner’s Come and Gone The Things They Carried King Lear The Turn of the Screw

Organisation Behaviour Application of Employee Engagement

Question: Discuss about the Organisation Behaviour for Application of Employee Engagement. Answer: 1. Application of employee engagement theory to identify and discuss motivational elements that existed in old organisational environment and the elements that are removed during Fionas leadership Organisational behaviour involves a study of the interaction in between different individuals within a group. Organisational behaviour and employee engagement makes an adequate and perfect attempt to provide more efficiency within the business organisation. Organisational behaviour is responsible to develop the entire settings of an organisation, interface in between the particular organisation and human behaviour. According to Mowday et al. (2013), an organisation engages both the technology and humanity for achieving success and the targeted goal in future. Therefore, organisational behaviour suggests an important tool for the ultimate benefit of an individual. It also includes the appropriate application and study of relevant knowledge, which determine the fundamental action of an individual within the organisation. During the old environment of XYZ consultants, the operational structure of the organisation was completely different from the new environment in Fionas Leadership. XYZ Training Consultants although is medium sized organisation, which operates its functions in Malaysia and the founder Tim follows an open management system and style to promote every staffs to follow a perfect organisational behaviour as it supports the office structure of the company. In XYZ Training Consultants, the training schedule is low in level and the staffs enjoy working life in higher levels. However, because of the heavy work pressure, the staffs hardly get time for professional development. During Tims leadership, every staffs were encouraged to discuss any kind of problems with the management, which is dismissed during Fionas leadership. As the staffs were considered important for maintain the office structure in the old environment of XYZ Consultants, Fiona plans strategy and forces the training consultan ts to follow them. This process and practices creates a conflicting environment among the staffs. Fiona rearranges and refurbishes the organisation structure. Fiona placed the training consultants separately on the third floor with various facilities such as coffee machines, washroom and the HODs in the private office on ground floor of the company. However, the training consultant complained that they became tired of Fiona and her implemented rules as the yoga sessions of every week, which helps them to relax has been ceased and Fiona considered it as a waste of time. Employee engagement theory involves an emergent working state and condition as it clearly determines behavioural, emotional, positive and cognitive state, which makes a positive step towards the effective outcomes of an organisation. Employee engagement theory solely concentrates on the fundamental actions and behaviour instead of personal qualities, skills and knowledge of every employee of an organisation as it has huge impact on the business of the organisation. As opined by DuBrin (2013), this particular theory also makes an emphasis on the activities of the employees and motivates them to become an eminent individual or at least enjoy the position of leader within the organisation. Employee engagement theory is closely associated with the psychology of an employee as it explains the human behaviour of every individual, who performs roles and responsibilities with the concerned organisation (Gallistel 2013). Similarly, XYZ Training Consultants always tries to maintain proper orga nisational behaviour with a strict following of this employee engagement theory. Both Tim and his daughter Fiona have clear and thorough knowledge about the concept of organisational behaviour and they try to implement tasks according to the maintenance of employee engagement. XYZ Training Consultants strives for ultimate efficiency from every of its employees and the recent studies have been revealed that there are various types of workers and their relations with the manager, supervisor, colleagues and subordinates. Dent and Whitehead (2013) have mentioned that commanders may be perceived as aggressive and dominating, who performs assigned projects in tactful manner and is often bullied by the others within the organisation. Other kind of human behaviour involves drifter, attacker, performer, avider, achiever, analytical and the pleaser. All these mentioned human behaviour are normally available in the organisations. Employee engagement theory also suggests an art of believing the potentiality of an individual within an organisation while performing some important tasks. An employee, team and their group work are closely associated with an organisation and it is the major study of employee engagement theory. As opposed by Prochaska (2013), the higher management of an organisation always suggest effective methods and approaches to deal with every individual with different human behaviour. According to Cummings and Worley (2014), evidence-based methods and approaches include a perfect combination of individual practitioner expertise, which comes with appropriate external evidence for making ultimate decisions about presenting some problems from the customers. XYZ Training Consultants involves usable and relevant information in order to make advancement in the process of gaining knowledge since the initial stage of training process. 2. Using organisational justice and equity theory of motivation, explain and analyse the behaviour of training consultants Organisational justice and equity theory concentrates on the basic process of determination of the distribution resources, which have close relation to the rational partners. Adams Equity Theory of motivation balances measured and calibrated against the comparable references within a particular market place. Inputs and Outputs are involved with Equity Theory and if the input of an employee fails to match with the output or the desired result within the organisation, then there is de-motivational factors, which are operative. Inputs consist of commitment, reliability, flexibility, tolerance, effort, time and personal sacrifices, whereas, the outputs involve bonus, payment, perks, reputation, development, security, benefit and responsibility within an organisation. Interpersonal skills suggest the life skills, which are used by every employees of an organisation in order to interact and communicate with the other employees within the organisation. Brock et al. (2014) have mentioned that both the interpersonal and personal knowledge and skills are effective and adequate enough to manage own self and others within the organisation. The staffs, Tim, and Fiona have developed personal and interpersonal skills and knowledge in order to solve arrived problems in short period with potential communication and interaction procedures. Even XYZ Training Consultant helps their staffs with proper training for improving their interpersonal and personal skills and knowledge in order to interact with customers, clients and colleagues as both of these skills are not only important for organisation behaviour, however, the social lives of the employees can be benefitted also (Daft 2012). Fionas strategy is to provide better opportunities and work schedule for prom otion and training. However, the training consultants were a bit angry with Fiona because of heavy pressure and they started the older training packages in order to meet the requirements of the customers. Interpersonal and personal skills and knowledge engages clarification, positivity and relaxation techniques in order to improve various level of communication among the colleagues and higher management of an organisation. Argote (2012) has determined that the significance of interpersonal skill actually helps an employee to gain a perfect awareness in order to deal with the tasks within the organisation. As XYZ Training Consultancy arranges training program for the staffs, therefore it is required to maintain both the personal and interpersonal knowledge and skill for better communication. According to Watsonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Manheim et al. (2012), another behavioural problem suggests the avoidance of the employees in the workplace. These employees avoid communication with other employees and maintain distances in certain meetings. Some employees also fail to behave according to the organisational structure of the concerned organisation. Same things happened with XYZ Training Consultant, as the training consultant could not agree with the decision of Fiona and resigned from the company. There are also some problems regarding the conflicts among individual employees and team related problems. All these problems can be resolved with potential and effective plans in strategic manner (Argote 2012). However, Tim and Fiona also tried to resolve the existing problems with proper interpersonal skills. As 50%, consultants have resigned from the concerned company, therefore, the management should perceive effective strategies to resolve those issues as it influence the business of the organisation. In order to resolve the problems, Tim, Fiona and the training consultants are highly involved with the every aspect of this business. Even a completely new grading system has been promotes in order to measure the performance and activities f the consultants. Tim revised the policies and procedures of the organisation in order to improve the decision making power with the reduction of autonomy. Other staffs of the organisations should come up with effective solutions to the problems related organisation behaviour although they are not part of the problem. All the problems should be resolved n short period in order to attain the targeted position in the market of Malaysia. References Argote, L., 2012.Organizational learning: Creating, retaining and transferring knowledge. Springer Science Business Media. Brock, D.M., Leblebici, H. and Muzio, D., 2014. Understanding professionals and their workplaces: The mission of the Journal of Professions and Organization.Journal of Professions and Organization,1, pp.1-15. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Daft, R., 2012.Organization theory and design. Nelson Education. Dent, M. and Whitehead, S. eds., 2013.Managing professional identities: Knowledge, performativities and the'new'professional(Vol. 19). Routledge. DuBrin, A.J., 2013.Fundamentals of organizational behavior: An applied perspective. Elsevier. Gallistel, C.R., 2013.The organization of action: A new synthesis. Psychology Press. Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W. and Steers, R.M., 2013.Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic press. Prochaska, J.O., 2013. Transtheoretical model of behavior change. InEncyclopedia of behavioral medicine(pp. 1997-2000). Springer New York. Watsonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Manheim, M.B., Chudoba, K.M. and Crowston, K., 2012. Perceived discontinuities and constructed continuities in virtual work.Information Systems Journal,22(1), pp.29-52.

Lord Of The Flies Essays (2158 words) - English-language Films

Lord Of The Flies In his first novel, William Golding used a group of boys stranded on a tropical island to illustrate the malicious nature of mankind. Lord of the Flies dealt with changes that the boys underwent as they gradually adapted to the isolated freedom from society. Three main characters depicted different effects on certain individuals under those circumstances. Jack Merridew began as the arrogant and self-righteous leader of a choir. The freedom of the island allowed him to further develop the darker side of his personality as the Chief of a savage tribe. Ralph started as a self-assured boy whose confidence in himself came from the acceptance of his peers. He had a fair nature as he was willing to listen to Piggy. He became increasingly dependent on Piggy's wisdom and became lost in the confusion around him. Towards the end of the story his rejection from their society of savage boys forced him to fend for himself. Piggy was an educated boy who had grown up as an outcast. Due to his academic childhood, he was more mature than the others and retained his civilized behaviour. But his experiences on the island gave him a more realistic understanding of the cruelty possessed by some people. The ordeals of the three boys on the island made them more aware of the evil inside themselves and in some cases, made the false politeness that had clothed them dissipate. However, the changes experienced by one boy differed from those endured by another. This is attributable to the physical and mental dissimilarities between them. Jack was first described with an ugly sense of cruelty that made him naturally unlikeable. As leader of the choir and one of the tallest boys on the island, Jack's physical height and authority matched his arrogant personality. His desire to be Chief was clearly evident in his first appearance. When the idea of having a Chief was mentioned Jack spoke out immediately. "I ought to be chief," said Jack with simple arrogance, "because I'm chapter chorister and head boy." He led his choir by administering much discipline resulting in forced obedience from the cloaked boys. His ill- nature was well expressed through his impoliteness of saying, "Shut up, Fatty." at Piggy. (p. 23) However, despite his unpleasant personality, his lack of courage and his conscience prevented him from killing the first pig they encountered. "They knew very well why he hadn't: because of the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood." (p. 34) Even at the meetings, Jack was able to contain himself under the leadership of Ralph. He had even suggested the implementation of rules to regulate themselves. This was a Jack who was proud to be British, and who was shaped and still bound by the laws of a civilized society. The freedom offered to him by the island allowed Jack to express the darker sides of his personality that he hid from the ideals of his past environment. Without adults as a superior and responsible authority, he began to lose his fear of being punished for improper actions and behaviours. This freedom coupled with his malicious and arrogant personality made it possible for him to quickly degenerate into a savage. He put on paint, first to camouflage himself from the pigs. But he discovered that the paint allowed him to hide the forbidden thoughts in his mind that his facial expressions would otherwise betray. "The mask was a thing on its own behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness." (p. 69) Through hunting, Jack lost his fear of blood and of killing living animals. He reached a point where he actually enjoyed the sensation of hunting a prey afraid of his spear and knife. His natural desire for blood and violence was brought out by his hunting of pigs. As Ralph became lost in his own confusion, Jack began to assert himself as chief. The boys realizing that Jack was a stronger and more self-assured leader gave in easily to the freedom of Jack's savagery. Placed in a position of power and with his followers sharing his crazed hunger for violence, Jack gained encouragement to commit the vile acts of thievery and murder. Freed from the conditions of a regulated society, Jack gradually became more violent and the rules and proper behaviour by which he was brought up were forgotten. The freedom given to him unveiled his true self under the clothing worn by civilized people to hide his darker characteristics. Ralph was introduced as